Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт физиологии, биохимии и питания животных – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л.К. Эрнста»
Фитаза получила широкое распространение в кормлении животных; из всех публикаций, описывающих использование ферментов в кормлении животных, более половины посвящено фитазе. При этом у исследователей возникают вопросы, которые не получили ответов. Основные разделы обзора: ведущая роль эндогенных ферментов, расщепляющих фитаты, экстрафосфорное действие фитазы, антипитательное действие фитатов, метаболизм фитиновой кислоты, факторы, влияющие на инициацию дефосфорилирования фитиновой кислоты, о применении «супердоз» фитазы. Распространено мнение об антипитательным действии фитатов, в связи с действием фитиновой кислоты, высвобождающейся из фитатов. Фитиновая кислота вступает в реакции с питательными веществами, тормозя их усвоение. Под действием фитаз фитиновая кислота расщепляется на отдельные фосфатные эфиры инозитола. С увеличением глубины распада антипитательное действие фитиновой кислоты снижается. Ошибочно принижается роль эндогенных фитаз по сравнению с экзогенными. Понятие об «экстрафосфорном» действии фитазы не может быть обосновано, так как её единственное свойство - гидролиз фосфорных эфиров инозитола. Доказано, что торможение катаболизма фитиновой кислоты происходит на уровне дефосфолрилирования инозитол-(1,2,5,6)-тетрафосфата.
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