Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт физиологии, биохимии и питания животных – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л.К. Эрнста»
ABSTRACT. The aim of the study was to study the effect of peripherally introduced serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) or blockers of peripheral 5-HT receptors on food behavior and postprandial gastric motility in vertebrates (in fish and mammals). Feeding behavior of fish was studied on yearlings Cyprinus carpio L. weighing 13 g. Each individual was placed in a chamber made of plexiglass with perforations (starter bay), installed at the back wall of the chamber, with the front of the camera being closed by shutter. At the opposite wall of the aquarium placed food. When the shutter had been opened, the fish can leave the camera to search for and eating food (30 frozen chironomid larvae with average weight of 7.5 mg). The recorded parameters were the time of staying fish in starting compartment after lifting shutter; time required to achieve a food (latent time of feeding, the magnitude of which is inversely proportional to the food reaction rate) and the number of larvae Chironomidae eaten over 3 min of observation. Before the experiments, the experimental fish group was injected (i.p. or i.m.) 0.1 ml of 5-HT at 10 µg/g body weight. After peripheral administration of 5-HT, the time of fish staying in the starter compartment increases, the rate of food reaction slows down and the amount of food consumed decreases, which confirms the involvement of 5-HT in peripheral and, possibly, in central regulation of fооd intake.
To register stomach electromyograms in rats, they have been implanted by platinum electrodes into the muscle layer of the antrum stomach on the side of serous membrane. Activation of stomach motility was studied in standard test feeding by protein-carbohydrate mixture. Pharmacological analysis of the mechanisms of food behavior regulation was performed using blockade of N-cholinergic receptors of autonomic ganglia by benzogeksony (0.7-2.0 mg/kg), 5-HT3,4 serotoninoretseptors of autonomic ganglia by droperidol (0.5-1.0 mg / kg), the peripheral 5-HT2 receptors by spiperone (0.5-1.0 mg/kg) and 5-NT1,2 receptors by sumatriptan (imigranom) (0.5-1.0 mg/kg) administered intravenously. The stimulatory effect of 5-HT on stomach postprandial motility in rats was mediated by N-choline- and 5-HT3,4-receptors expressed on the membrane surface of neurons of autonomic ganglia. Serotonergic neurons transmit the excitement to 5-HT1,2-receptors of effector cells in smooth muscles. The results obtained deepen the knowledge about the role of serotonin in the regulation of exotrophy in vertebrates.
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