Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт физиологии, биохимии и питания животных – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л.К. Эрнста»
ABSTRACT. The aim of the study was to substantiate physiologically the possibility of using early intensive fattening of young Tsigai sheep on diets with a high level of concentrates with the use of extruded and barohydrothermally processed feeds. The experiment was carried out during the period from 3 to 8 months on three groups, 5 lambs each, which were kept with free access to hay and concentrates. From the first day of the experiment, lambs were accustomed to consuming concentrates in plenty, by fourfold distribution of mixed feed, starting from 200 g per day and up to the maximum possible consumption (1-1.5 kg) with a two-time distribution. The level of concentrates in rations, depending on the age, was from 80 to 88%. Animals of group I received concentrate, prepared on the basis of natural forages, group II received concentrate, in which 60% of wheat grain, barley and oats were extruded, and in group III, a similar amount of grain was processed by a baro-hydrothermal method. In 1 kg of mixed feed, used at the age of 3-4 months, contained 194 raw- and 166 g digestible protein. From the age of 5-8 months, the content of crude protein in concentrate was reduced to 160 g, digestible protein to 135 g. The daily diet of lambs in the middle of the experiment at the age of 5-6 months included an average of 1170 g of concentrate and 320 g of mixed herbage. In the balance experiments, digestibility of nitrogenous substances and deposition of nitrogen in the body were determined. In blood, hemoglobin, the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes, total protein, urea, glucose, total calcium, inorganic phosphorus were determined. Early intensive fattening on diets with a high level of concentrates did not adversely affect the nitrogen metabolism, morphological and biochemical composition of blood. At the age of 8 months, the live weight of sheep in I, II and III groups was 64.3; 54.6 and 59.0 kg (with conventional technology − about 40 kg), the average daily weight gain is 1.5-2 times higher than with the traditional fattening system. The use of extruded and baro-hydrothermally processed feeds in an amount of 60% of the concentrate weight, did not have a positive effect on metabolic state and growth rate of animals, in comparison with the use of native feed.
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