Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт физиологии, биохимии и питания животных – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л.К. Эрнста»
ABSTRACT. The article discusses the recurrent breeding system (RBS) for linearly differentiated superseded breeds and closed gene pool herds of dairy cattle. The content of RBS is the re-using of deep chilled semen derived from bulls born a few generations ago (re-emigration). A hypothetical closed breeding herd of 100 cows has been simulated in computer experiment for several generations. The influence upon the accumulated homozygosity was evaluated of such factors as the initial level of herd homozygosity, duration of the period of sperm cryopreservation, re-emigration rate (the proportion of cows, which reused bull sperm after cryopreservation), the frequency of RBS, the number of steers inputs for one generation. For species with the status of "critical" and the gene pool herds the following strategy is recommended: a permanent RBS with a period of "waiting" for 2-3 generations, re-emigration of 40-60% ratio and input of about 12 bulls for one generation. This strategy will keep the inbreeding coefficient of the long closed dilution at the level of 2-3%. The considered recurrent breeding system can also be used to save other superseded Russian breeds of domesticated animals. In this case, the gene pool of local breeds will be maintained without genetic erosion that can occur with the introduction of "best world gene pool", and spray "genetic complexes" in the "new breeding forms".
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