Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт физиологии, биохимии и питания животных – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л.К. Эрнста»
Galochkinа V.P., Kharitonov E.L., Agafonova A.V.,
Obvintseva O.V., Ostrenko K.S., Galochkin V.A.
Institute of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Nutrition,
Borovsk, Russian Federation
ABSTRACT. In the experiment conducted on two groups of cows, 5 cows each, under the same feeding conditions, with the same daily milk yield (40 kg), but with different fat content of milk (group I − 4.1, group II − 2.8%) in the period of 3 hours after feeding, the parameters of rumen fermentation and the activity of pyruvate carboxylase (PC) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the blood plasma of the jugular and milk veins were examined. Values of rumen fermentation parameters were in I and II groups, respectively: pH − 6.95 and 6.61, buffer capacity 12.5 ± 0.8 and 8.5 ± 1.2 ml/unit pH, acetate − 65, 7 and 63.6%, propionate −18.8 and 23.9%, VFA − 9.24 and 10.26 mmol/100 ml, acetate/ propionate − 3.48 and 2.90. In the analysis of the combined data, the inverse relationship of the fat content of milk with the propionate/acetate ratio (molar percent) and the propionate content (molar percentage of VFA) in the rumen with pH of the contents was revealed. In general, fermentation processes in cows with low milk fat content were shifted towards acidification, which was accompanied by shifts in the metabolism of pyruvate acid. Corresponding to changes in the rumen fermentation, the activity of PC and LDH in the blood of the jugular and milk veins also changed. Both groups showed a low PC activity, with LDH activity in the blood of milk vein in both groups higher than in the systemic blood (in jugular vein), and in group II the activity of PC and LDH was higher (P<0.001) in comparison with group I. In general, the manifestation of fat depressant effect of propionate in cows of group II was promoted by a lower absorption of acetate and an increase in lipogenesis in adipose tissue after ingestion of the feed.
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