Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт физиологии, биохимии и питания животных – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л.К. Эрнста»
ABSTRACT. The aim of the study was the development of genodiagnostics and the characteristics of the population-genetic structure of moose at six loci of microsatellites in the conditions of the Sumarokovskaya moose farm of the Kostroma State Nature Reserve. The process of moose domestication in the Kostroma region has been going on for a long time. It is used a semi-free grazing, moose mostly feed in the forest, not far from the farm, and in the enclosure the females come to give birth. Currently, there are about 40 animals in the moose farm. In a sample of 24 animals, an allelofund was examined for six loci of microsatellites. A violation of genetic equilibrium is shown in five of the six microsatellite loci (BM6438, CSSM43, ETH225, BM1225, CSRM60). The highest percentage of homozygosity from 6 investigated loci was shown in ETH225 (62.5%), CSRM60 (58.3%) and TGLA53 (41.7%). The lowest index of the number of acting alleles Na was established at the locus CSRM60 (1.83). Since an increase in the level of homozygosity can lead to the deterioration of many physiological signs, it is necessary to clarify the reasons for the heterozygote deficiency, which may be the closeness and scarcity of the population, the mixing in the sample of individuals from genetically different groups and other factors. Establishment of a control system for breeding using modern methods of genodiagnostics and population-genetic analysis is a necessary tool for such a study.
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