Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт физиологии, биохимии и питания животных – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л.К. Эрнста»
ABSTRACT. The subject of the study were second cut annual and perennial grasses (oat and ryegrass) grown in different weather conditions and dried out in swaths up to content of dry matter ≥ 45%., After each 2 hours of cutting up to 8 hours and after 24 hours of drying, the content in green mass of dry matter, sugar, organic acids (lactate, malate, succinate, citrate) was measured. Semi-dried green mass was used for obtaining silage and haylage in the ordinary way and with preparation Biotroph based on osmotolerant strains of lactic acid bacilli. It is shown that annual grasses (oat and annual ryegrass) with a high sugar content accumulate significant amounts of lactic acid when growing in the hot weather conditions, which leads to a rapid silage deterioration. At the same time, accumulation of lactic acid in annual ryegrass has important physiological significance, ensuring the survival of plants both when growing under drought and the subsequent drying in swaths. The accumulation of lactic acid in oat, by contrast, indicates the weak drought-resistance, leading to switch to anaerobic respiration, which rises during dewatering in swaths. Second cut perennial grasses, characterized by relatively low sugar content, as when they grow under drought conditions and during subsequent drying in swaths, use combined (aerobic and anaerobic) respiration until dehydrating to haylage moisture. These peculiarities of physiological and biochemical processes determine in many ways the technological properties of plants as raw material for the preparation of silage and haylage.
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