Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт физиологии, биохимии и питания животных – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л.К. Эрнста»
Galochkin V.A., Agafonova A.V., Galochkina V.P., Cherepanov G.G.
Institute of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Nutrition,
Borovsk Kaluga oblast, Russian Federation
ABSTRACT. The purpose of the review is the systematization of modern information on biogenesis, regulatory and metabolic functions of peroxisomes in terms of their role in the formation of nonspecific resistance in animals. Peroxisomes are able to generate signals that carry information essential for intracellular and intercellular metabolic relationships, i.e. they perform an important integrative function, as evidenced by numerous facts about deviations in the biosynthesis and metabolism at defects of peroxisome biogenesis. Metabolic functions of peroxisomes are extensive, products of peroxisomal metabolism are as a follows: a reactive oxygen and nitrogen, trans-fatty acids, platelet activating factor, plasmalogens, synthesis products of plasmagenes, N-acylglycine, N-acyltaurine, docosadexoenoic, phytanic and pristanoic fatty acids, numerous prostanoids etc. Together with a system of microsomal oxigenases (including class of hemoproteins P450), peroxisomes perform the function of the cell "cleaner" due to the neutralization, utilization of waste products of metabolism (parametabolic factors) and toxicants. Chronic accumulation of harmful effects of such processes may underlie the reduction of resistance in the processes of development and growth, and form the driving force of the aging. Accumulation of cellular structure damages leads to decrease in stress stability, reproductive ability and longevity of productive animals.
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