Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт физиологии, биохимии и питания животных – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л.К. Эрнста»
Twenty 20 microsatellite markers have been used to study the genetic structure of 15 semi-finewool sheep breeds and types reared in Eurasia in the zone from 19°E to 77°E. Genetic drift was shaping the genetic structure of the North-Western European breeds (FST = 0.14), whereas gene flow was more evident among the South-Eastern European and Asian breeds, where genetic differentiation (FST = 0.03) was nearly 5 times lower than among North-Western European sheep. In contrast, the level of intra-population genetic diversity was lower in the North-Western European breeds (HE = 0,69; AR = 5,22) and higher in the breeds from South-East Europe and Asia (HE = 0,78; AR = 6,92). The applied evolutionary genetics approach highlighted a number of populations where further monitoring is warranted and also identified populations which could be prioritized for conservation as living gene banks. This method, taking into account population characteristics, can be applied not only for conservation of sheep, but also for other species.
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