Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт физиологии, биохимии и питания животных – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л.К. Эрнста»
Erimbetov K.T., Obvintseva O.V., Mikhailov V.V.
Institute of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Nutrition, Borovsk Kaluga region, Russian Federation
ABSTRACT. The aim of the work was to study the characteristics of the metabolism and formation of meat products in growing crossbred pigs with estimates of their growing and fattening performance. The experiments were carried out on pigs and boar piglets of Large White (LW) breed, two- (Duroc×LW, n=20, Landrace×LW, n=15, Pic-402 LW×Danish Landrace Danish×Yorkshire) and three-breed hybrids (Duroc×LW×Large Black, Hampshire×LW×Landrace) during the age period from 30- to 225-days. Two-breed crossbred pigs (Duroc×LW) differed significantly from the original maternal breed (LW) in regard to the intensity of growth and character of metabolic processes. At 30 days age the crossbred pigs Landrace×Large White do inferior to parentals of Large White breed by body weight and efficiency of using nitrogenous substances of feed. At a later date, the crossbred pigs were ahead of the parental breed in point of growth rate and feed efficiency. In general, over the experience, the live weight gain of crossbred piglets was higher by 6.1% (P <0.05), the efficiency of feed by 5.7% vs original maternal breed. At the end of fattening, the hybrid animals were superior to pure-bred for slaughter output, the output of meat and bones. In crossbred pigs Large White×Pic-402, an average daily gain during the whole fattening period was by 7.3% (P<0.05) above, and feed consumption by 6.7% lower, compared to cross Landrace×LW. Crossbred pigs with high productivity potential (Pic 402×Large White) were inferior to Landrace×LW in regard of absolute and relative weight of internal organs. When analyzing the combined data for all periods of the experiment, a positive correlation (P<0.05) of meat production parameters (live weight, yield of pulp and muscle mass) with creatine kinase activity and creatinine concentration in blood was found, and negative one (P<0.05) with the activity of alkaline phosphatase in blood.
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