Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт физиологии, биохимии и питания животных – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л.К. Эрнста»
ABSTRACT. The effects of inbreeding were studied in seven leading herds of Yaroslavl cows (n = 1342) with an average level of productivity 4680 kg and milk fat and protein content 4.32 and 3.29% respectively. Selection boundary for leading group was the milk yield per highest lactation of at least 5200 kg, with standard deviation σ = 1107 kg. The degree of genetic similarity between the ancestor and descendants increased with the use of moderate and distant inbreeding. For first lactation, the influence force of inbreeding coefficient on milk yield, fat and protein content was 2.92, 0.29 and 0.48% (P<0.01) respectively; on fat content for highest lactation, it was 0.19% (P<0.01). Significant impact of inbreeding on milk yield and protein content was revealed for the first lactation in groups with a distant kinship. Greatest value of fat content was indicated by the using of moderate inbreeding. Coefficients of determination R2 for milk yield, fat and protein content were 21, 63 and 63% respectively. Animals produced with the use of distant inbreeding, were superior to outbred cows on milk yield by 149 kg, for fat content by +0,05% (P<0.001). For highest lactation, the superiority of cows with moderate inbreeding was indicated for fat content.
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