Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт физиологии, биохимии и питания животных – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л.К. Эрнста»
ABSTRACT. The aim was to study the effect of the parenteral injection of the synthetic analogue of estrone on down-calving cows on the content of immunogenic factors in colostrum and on the physiological and biochemical parameters of the blood in newborn calves reflecting the state of natural resistance. At the present time, a theory is developing about the mother's participation in the formation of immunity in the baby by transferring the immune factors (neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, tissue macrophages) into the organism of the mother cells in the colostrum. A major role in the formation of high-quality colostrum by the mammary gland is played by female sex hormones - estrogens (estrone, estriol, estradiol) synthesized in ovarian follicles. Target structures for estrogens are genital organs - ovaries, oviducts, uterus, vagina, and also mammary glands. Synthetic analogue of the female sex hormone estrone − "Synestrol 2%" is a stilbene derivative that has the effect of the natural female sex hormone estrone, but it acts slower and more efficiently. The object of the study were 10 down-calving Black-and- White cows at the age of 2-3 calvings, which were divided into 2 groups (control and experimental) of 5 animals each. Cows of the experimental group were administered parenterally "Synestrol 2%" at a dose of 1 ml per animal, once, 3-6 days before calving, the cows of the control group - physiological saline solution of sodium chloride. Immediately after the appearance of the sucking reflex, the newborn calf was fed colostrum harvested from its mother cow. In the course of the experiment, the level of immunoglobulins in colostrum was determined, and the biochemical and immunological parameters of blood in the control and experimental groups were examined. Samples of colostrum were selected from the first milk yield. One day after birth, a higher level of total protein by 9.75% (P˂0.05) and its fractions, namely albumins by13.7% (P˂0.05), alpha globulins by 31% (P˂0.05) and gamma globulins by 21.8% was detected in the blood of the experimental calves relative to intact ones. The number of leukocytes was also higher in the blood of experienced calves + 17.2%. At 10 days after birth, the content of alpha and gamma globulins in blood decreased in calves of both groups, but it was higher in the animals of the experimental group (P˂0.05). The number of leukocytes was higher in the calves of the experimental group due to neutrophils. In general, the introduction of a synthetic analogue of estrone to cows at 3-6 days before calving had a positive effect on the development of natural resistance and live weight gain in the newborn calves obtained from them.
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