Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт физиологии, биохимии и питания животных – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л.К. Эрнста»
ABSTRACT. A theory is currently being developed about the participation of the mother in the formation of immunity in the young through the transfer into his organism of maternal immunoglobulins and immune system cells (neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, tissue macrophages) as part of colostrum. An important role in the formation of high-quality colostrum by the mammary gland is played by female sex hormones estrogens (estrone, estriol, estradiol), synthesized in the ovarian follicles. The aim was to study the effect of parenteral administration to deeply pregnant cows of a synthetic analogue of estrone and recombinant interleukin-2 on the formation in the body, the accumulation of immunoglobulins in the mammary gland of cows before calving, and the study of the state of colostral immunity and the natural resistance of calves derived from them. Synthetic analogue of the female sex hormone estrone, synestrol 2% is a stilbene derivative, which has the effect of the natural female sex hormone estrone, but is slower and more effective. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a cytokine, a central regulator of the immune response. The object of the study was two groups of Black-and-White deeply pregnant cows (5 cows each), as well as calves derived from them. Each cow of the experimental group, 3-6 days before the calving, synestrol-2% was first injected subcutaneously at a dose of 0,8 ml, then roncoleukin at a dose of 400,000 IU. Control cows were injected with saline. The colostrum of cows from the experimental group contained 41.1% more immunoglobulins compared with control (P<0.05). In calves of the experimental group, a day after birth, a higher level of gamma globulin in blood was noted by 35.4% (P<0.05), albumin by 39.4% (P<0.05), total protein by 18.5 % (P<0.05) and total leukocyte count (+ 9.7%, P<0.05). At the same time, the content of certain types of leukocytes did not differ from the control. In general, the parenteral injection of a synthetic analogue of estrone and recombinant interleukin-2 to cows 3-6 days before calving had a positive effect on the development of natural resistance and weight gain in newborn calves obtained from them.
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