Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт физиологии, биохимии и питания животных – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л.К. Эрнста»
ABSTRACT. The aim was to study the ability of cattle oocytes to nuclear maturation in vitro when cultured in a medium with different concentrations of fetal calf serum (FCS) and to ascertain the nature of the effect of estrous cow serum (ECS) on the development of in vitro fertilized egg cells in cattle. The capacity of the bovine oocytes for resumption of meiosis and the achievement of metaphase II in the medium of TCM-199 with different concentrations of fetal calf serum was studied and the pattern of influence of the estrous serum on the in vitro development of fertilized bovine oocytes, with special reference to the time of its inclusion to the synthetic fluid of the oviduct containing bovine serum albumin. In the first experimental series, it was shown that in the groups with 5% and 20% fetal serum meiosis resumed the same percentage of oocytes (93.4% and 93.2%, respectively), but in the group with a low concentration of fetal calf serum all oocytes remained at the metaphase I stage even after 42 hours of maturation in vitro, while the addition of 20% fetal calf serum allowed to obtain 51.7% oocytes at the metaphase II stage. Then nuclear maturation of bovine oocytes was evaluated in the medium with 10% and 20% of FCS (serum lot and medium are the same as in previous experiments). There was no significant difference in the percentage of oocytes reaching metaphase II (31.2 and 26.8%, respectively) between the groups. In the second experimental series, ECS was added to the culture medium within 20 hr (control) or 42 hr (experiment) after the beginning of fertilization. The estrous serum did not inhibit the first cleavage division (the percentage of cleaving embryos did not differ reliably: 32.7 and 37.9%, respectively). However, a later serum addition to the culture medium (within 42 h after the beginning of fertilization) reliably increased the percentage of embryos that reached the blastocyst stage (6.5% in the control and 17.8% in the experiment) and the hatched blastocyst (2 and 9.2%, respectively).
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