Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт физиологии, биохимии и питания животных – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л.К. Эрнста»
For the first time, the allele pool of Northern Caucasus autochtonous sheep breeds was assessed according to three types of genetic markers. Genetic specifies in 5 breeds of sheep reared in the region for a long time have been demonstrated. The affinity for 20 phenotype factors of 7 blood group systems in sheep breed pairs as follows: Andi - Dagestan Mountain, Karachai – Tushin is ascertained; the Edilbay breed is the most remote of these ones. High occurrence of high immune antigens is marked among these 5 breeds that can be influenced by environmental conditions for sheep rearing. The Karachai haemoglobin locus was the most polymorphous. Genotypes ALBBB, ALBBC and ALBBD were revealed most frequent in the albumin loci. ALBAC genotype was not available in Andi and Edilbay breeds, and ALBAB one was not in Dagestan Mountain, Karachai and Tushin sheep. In Tushin sheep, ALBA allele was absent. In 5 autochtonous sheep breeds, 6 alleles of transferrin: TFA, TFB, TFC, TFD, TFE, and TFI were revealed. As for the excess coefficient, the right of excess dominates among 5 tested sheep breeds providing evidence of a heterozygote surplus by polymorphous protein loci. The breed-specific alleles by microsatellites were revealed in the Andi and Edilbay breeds. The cluster analysis showed that Andi and Karachai breeds are the closest, after them, the Dagestan Mountain is settled, and then, the Tushin breed is. A separate demo as distinct to them is the Edilbay breed.
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