Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт физиологии, биохимии и питания животных – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л.К. Эрнста»
ABSTRACT. The object was to evaluate the adequacy of rated method to assess substrate requirements for milk formation in cows. The study was curried out on 25 dairy cows of different breeds (Holstein, Simmental, Irshire, Swiss, Jersey) at first one third of lactation, in farms of Moscow and Kaluga regions. The blood probes from milk and jugular veins and rumen fluids probes were taken at 3 hr after feeding. The volume blood flow rate through udder was estimated by calculating the ratio (thyrosine+phenylalanine yield with milk)/(difference of their concentrations in jugular and milk veins, used as analog of AV-difference). Substrate uptake by mammary gland was calculated by multiplying the average artherio-venous difference into blood flow rate. Using data of nutritional value of diets, the fluxes of absorbing end products of digestion were calculated. To predict substrate requirements for milk formation, the data of milk composition and literature information on mammary gland metabolism were used. The differences in parameters of enzyme-microbiological processes in rumen were determined essentially by diet composition. There was indicated a satisfactorily agreement of calculated values of substrate requirements with measured amounts of substrate uptake by mammary gland (deviation at the average ±7%). The mammary requirements for main substrates, in percentage of absorption fluxes in digestive tract, for acetate, amino acids and glucose (relative to sum of absorbed glucose and propionate) was at the average 45, 52 и 72% respectively.
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