Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт физиологии, биохимии и питания животных – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный научный центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л.К. Эрнста»
ABSTRACT. The aim of the work is to generalize data on the properties of biologically active substances of drug plants and their effect on the pathogenic microflora. In many cases, in addition to metabolites of basic metabolism, secondary plant metabolites (SPM) are present in small amounts, which have a high biological activity. They are necessary for the survival of plants, serve as passive protection from eating herbivores, counteracting pathogenic microorganisms, climatic influences, and also to attract pollinator insects. Only in the XX century it was possible to determine the complex composition of biologically active substances of the most known drug plants, their chemical nature and properties. A large group of chemicals, essential oils (EO), which have volatility and odor, are isolated from the SPM composition. Many of them are bactericidal; they are being studied to replace drug and feed antibiotics and food preservatives. The dependence of bactericidal activity on the composition of EO and the ratio of the individual substances entering into them is shown. Separate stages of the mechanism of their action on microflora are established. In connection with the diversity of microorganisms, many questions have not yet found answers. This direction of biological science in recent years is one of the most actively developing in the field of plant biochemistry, microbiology, veterinary, animal nutrition and pharmacology.
REFERENCES